Our Issues: 6. UNDP report 2014 suggests that there has been an improvement in other elements of human development such as life expectancy, per capita income and human development index value (in past 3 years); but there has been no progress in the number of schooling years. The faculty hiring process is historically known to be politicized. Teaching practice is the practical aspect of teacher training and it is an assortment of factual and dramatic characteristics. Governance viii. endobj There should be career counselling of the pupils in schools so that they have an understanding of job market and they can develop their skills accordingly. The study outlines seven major problems such as: 1) Lack of Proper Planning: Pakistan is a signatory to MDGs and EFA goals. Accessible to young people ii. Pakistan has expressed its commitment to promote education and literacy in the country by education policies at domestic level and getting involved into international commitments on education. 3) Gender gap: Major factors that hinder enrolment rates of girls include poverty, cultural constraints, illiteracy of parents and parental concerns about safety and mobility of their daughters. Students’ academic gains are not the only criterion to judge the quality of education. Regional disparity is also a major cause. Efforts should be made to ensure that proper education is provided in those schools. Of the estimated total primary school going 21.4 million children of ages 5-9 years, 68.5% are enrolled in schools, of which 8.2 million or 56% are boys and 6.5 million or 44% are girls. The system of education includes all institutions that are involved in delivering formal education (public and private, for-profit and nonprofit, onsite or virtual instruction) and their faculties, students, physical infrastructure, resources and rules. The study outlines seven major problems such as: 1) Lack of Proper Planning: Pakistan is a signatory to MDGs and EFA goals. Therefore, technical education needs priority handling by the government. endobj In your interview you may be asked to create a presentation on current issues in education or asked a question around current issues in schools and in the media. 2. Today a dark clouds hovers over Pakistan, where illiteracy is on the increase due to negligence of the government of Pakistan, which spends only 1% of the GDP on education for 160 million population of the country. Government as well as non-government sector should work together to promote education in rural areas. Even the Planning |Commission of Pakistan, who constitute nation’s future. It is because of this that the quality of teaching suffers and even more so when low investments are made in teachers’ training. The biggest policy issue is that we do not possess the same policy for all institutes. It can become an asset once it is skilled. Ammar Saleem No comment. The first and one of the worse issue in Pakistani educational system is the difference of class (rich and poor). May 23, 2018. Education is considered as the cheapest defense of a nation. 5) War on Terror: Pakistan’s engagement in war against terrorism also affected the promotion of literacy campaign. By the year 2014 the enrolment statistics show an increase in the enrolment of students of the age of 3-16 year while dropout rate decreased. 4 0 obj It should be the central pivot of the professional training. Currently the primary gross enrolment rate stands at 85.9% while Pakistan requires increasing it up to 100% by 2015-16 to fulfil EFA goals. stream The goal under Vision 2030 is one curriculum and one national examination system under state responsibility. Special grants can be provided to the provinces where the literacy rate is low. The illiteracy level which is tied to the poverty level goes hand in hand and the tragedy of Pakistan is that all the … Concurrent Legislative List: Curriculum, syllabus, planning, policy, centers of excellence, standard of education & Islamic education Mehnaz Aziz et al, “Education System Reform in Pakistan: Why, When, and How?” IZA Policy Paper No. 1) Different committees and commissions before and after independence have mentioned various aims of secondary education. • Private and Government schools. 2545 views. There is a close link between education and development. This will provide equal opportunity to the students of rural areas to compete with students of urban areas in the job market. Teaching v. Assessment vi. The number of technical and vocational training institutes is not sufficient and many are deprived of infrastructure, teachers and tools for training. There are many flaws in the educational policies of Pakistan as compared to those countries who have concentrated on their educational systems and their literacy rates have greatly increased. There are many flaws in the current education system of Pakistan that need to be resolved. The government should take measures to get school buildings vacated which are occupied by feudal lords of Sindh, Balochistan and Punjab. Pakistan Secondary Education. Within Pakistan there are many common problems within schools, this includes not having proper training facilities, small … The first element is the study of one or more academic, cultural, or aesthetic subjects for the purpose both of continuing the student’s own education and of providing him with knowledge to use in his subsequent … There are several other jobs where people are needed. Good and effective teaching is an achievable art, but hard work, patience and struggle is needed for it. Due to the problems in education system of Pakistan, the country is lagging behind in achieving its MDGs of education. Economic Survey of Pakistan confirms that during the year 2013-14 literacy remained much higher in urban areas than in rural areas and higher among males. %���� Education also plays a role These include defective curricula, dual medium of instruction at secondary level, poor quality of teachers, cheating in the examinations and overcrowded classrooms (Economic Survey of Pakistan, 2002).In Pakistan efforts have been made to mould the curriculum in accordance with our ideological, moral and cultural values as well as our national requirements … For any system to work it is imperative that relevant structures are developed. In nearly all countries, courses of the Normal School B, college, and university categories contain three main elements. Social taboos and absenteeism of students preclude access of girls to secondary schools. Education related statistics coupled with Pakistan’s progress regarding education targets set in Vision 2030 and Pakistan’s lagging behind in achieving EFA targets and its Millennium Development Goals(MDGs) for education call for an analysis of the education system of Pakistan and to look into the issues and problems it is facing so that workable solutions could be recommended. including international relations, strategic studies, governance & public policy, and lawfare & economy in Pakistan. Poverty, law and order situation, natural disasters, budgetary constraints, lack of access, poor quality, equity, and governance have also contributed in less enrolments. The provincial education departments need to work out financial resources required for realising the compliance of Article 25-A. The strategies charted out to achieve the goal included: (i) Increasing public expenditure on education and skills generation from 2.7% of GDP to 5% by 2010 and 7% by 2015. Relevance with society needs, research facilities, financial crisis, arts students more than science students, weaknesses of examination, ineffective governance and academic results are not at par with international standards. Unskilled population means more jobless people in the country, which affects the national development negatively. Technical education should be made a part of secondary education. This aspiration for sending children for higher education is wrong, because the country does not need managers and officers only. Economic Survey of Pakistan 2014, Ministry of Finance, Government of Pakistan. Specifically the study was conducted to provide informationand knowledge of environment at the secondary level in Pakistan. }� c�̣/&K��g�Ɵ�pR�)N�ߐq)كU��U8&2�/[���P^Ĺ�g'��?�����1p}y�3'�.�)���E��_1d. While enrollment and retention rates are improving, progress has been slow to improve education indicators in Pakistan. “Pakistan may miss EFA goals by 2015-16: Report,” Daily Nation, October, 3, 2014. In local government system the funds for education would be spent on a need basis by the locality. Education remains a subject which is paid least attention in the whole South Asian region. However it seems that it will not be able to achieve these international commitments because of financial management issues and constraints to achieve the MDGs and EFA goals. Currently, Pakistan has the world’s second-highest number of out-of-school children (OOSC) with an estimated 22.8 million children aged 5-16 not attending school, representing 44 per cent of the … The militants targeted schools and students; several educational institutions were blown up, teachers and students were killed in Balochistan, KPK and FATA. Teaching practice is the most important part of teacher training programme. x��[[o��~7���G�'��7^����8�۴����}�$�"KE��?3���R�)' In FATA, the literacy rate is deplorable constituting 29.5% in males and 3% in females. There are two approaches to acquiring education: First, which is being followed by many in Pakistan is to get education to earn bread and butter. IPRI – The Islamabad Policy Research Institute. From grade 9 to five education system is called secondary school education. It is mandated in the Constitution of Pakistan to provide free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of 5-16 years and enhance adult literacy. IPRI is one of the oldest non-partisan think-tanks on all facets of. Hence 31% educational institutes are run by private sector while 69% are public institutes. It is aimed at eliminating gender disparity in primary and secondary education by 2005 and in all levels of education not later than 2015. With the 18th constitutional amendment the concurrent list which comprised of 47 subjects was abolished and these subjects, including education, were transferred to federating units as a move towards provincial autonomy. Federal Government should play a supportive role vis-à-vis the provinces for the early compliance of the constitutional obligation laid down in Article 25-A. 3 0 obj Knowledge of the personis more The EFA goals focus on early childhood care and education including pre-schooling, universal primary education and secondary education to youth, adult literacy with gender parity and quality of education as crosscutting thematic and programme priorities. We have also collected some valuable suggestions on how to improve the education system of Pakistan from well-known personalities as well as from teachers and students from different areas, … The rules and regulations that guide the individual and institutional interactions within the set up are also part of the education system. In the year 2013 the expected average of number of years increased to 11.2 but the actual average of years of schooling of South Asian countries remained 4.7. Counselling of parents is required, so that they can choose a career for their child which is market friendly. IPRI is one of the oldest non-partisan think-tanks on all facets of National Security including international relations, strategic studies, governance & public policy, and lawfare & economy in Pakistan. There is a need for implementation of national education policy and vision 2030 education goals. Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, 1973 – Article 37-b“The State shall remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period” 7. Pakistan is amongst those countries which are going through many problems of education. Unemployment of educated men and women is a major concern for Pakistan. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The problems of education in Pakistan can be traced back to the very inception of the country when the newly independent state inherited an already defined system of education. Vision 2030 of Planning Commission of Pakistan looks for an academic environment which promotes the thinking mind. Goal 3: The goal 3 of MDGs is Promoting Gender Equality and Women Empowerment. After the 18. Punjab literacy rate in male was 71% and for females it was 54%. EFA Review Report October 2014 outlines that despite repeated policy commitments, primary education in Pakistan is lagging behind in achieving its target of universal primary education. The MDGs have laid down two goals for education sector: Goal 2: The goal 2 of MDGs is to achieve Universal Primary Education (UPE) and by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling. The enrolment rate in Sindh province is 52%, in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (KPK) 54% and primary enrolment rate in Balochistan is 45%. (Enrolment Ratio is 30:70) • Variety of Syllabus, • Haphazard budgets, • Improper assessment systems, • Our education is meeting industrial & social needs only. Provinces reported the same gender disparity. Founded in 1999, IPRI is housed at the National Security Division (NSD), Government of Pakistan. Here you will come to know about the issues and problems of education system of Pakistan which are listed below. Classes for carpentry, electrical, and other technical education must be included in the curriculum. This article throws light upon the top twenty-five problems of secondary education with its possible solutions. Secondary education in Pakistan begins in grade 9 and lasts for four years. Problems of access, quality, infrastructure and inequality of opportunity, remain endemic. Office 505, 5th Floor, Evacuee Trust Complex, Sir Agha Khan Road, F-5/1, Islamabad, Pakistan, http://www.pakistanherald.com/articles/reasons-of-low-levels-of-education-in-pakistan-3065, Internal security: Between pillar and post. After end of each of the school years, students are required to pass a national examination administered by a regional Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (or BISE). At national level, 89% education expenditure comprises of current expenses such as teachers’ salaries, while only 11% comprises of development expenditure which is not sufficient to raise quality of education. Pakistan. There are many issues in education; some are general and are found across the globe, while others are specific to Pakistan. In Sindh literacy rate in male was 72% and female 47%, in KPK male 70% and females 35%, while in Balochistan male 62% and female 23%. endobj An analysis of the issues and problems suggest that: The official data shows the allocation of funds for educational projects but there is no mechanism which ensures the proper expenditure of those funds on education. <>>> 76, January 2014 (Institute for the Study of Labor, 2014), P 4. But there are various issues and problems are there in this system which are. Intermediate/Higher Secondary Education – grades/classes 11 and 12 (leading to Higher Secondary School Certificate or HSSC) University Education – undergraduate, graduate, master and doctorate degrees. Pakistan: Education for All 2015 National Review, Ministry of Education, Trainings and Standards in Higher Education Academy of Educational Planning and Management Islamabad, Pakistan June, 2014 (available at : http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002297/229718E.pdf). Since education is a provincial subject, the provincial education secretariats need to be strengthened. Society’s emphasis on girl’s modesty, protection and early marriages may limit family’s willingness to send them to school. There is a plethora of problems associated with the country, but perhaps one of the most important ones is the Education sector. An analysis of education policy suggests that at the policy level there are several admirable ideas, but practically there are some shortcomings also. The existing infrastructure is not being properly utilized in several parts of the country. The second approach is to get education for the sake of personal development and learning. Following the primary education from ages 5 to 9 is the 3-year Middle School (sixth to eighth grades for children ages 10 to 12), a 2-year secondary school (ninth and tenth grades culminating in "matriculation") and higher secondary or "intermediate"—eleventh and twelfth grades). However, in Pakistan, no one is serious about the issues. <> Government of Pakistan serve a huge part of GDP on education but it is less than the required. The reforms required in the education system of Pakistan cannot be done by the government alone, public-private participation and a mix of formal as well as non-formal education can pull out majority of country’s population from illiteracy. It exemplifies two decades of rigorous and timely analysis of crucial strategic agendas and inter-governmental processes that influence national and regional policy community. Problems in Education of Pakistan. • Our educational policy changes with the political situation. The system includes 180,846 public institutions and 80,057 private institutions. Problems Of Primary Education In Pakistan And Their Solutions. (ii) Re-introduce the technical and vocational stream in the last two years of secondary schools. It exemplifies two decades of rigorous and timely analysis of crucial strategic agendas and inter-governmental processes that influence national and regional policy community. Education Policy Issues. A review of the education system of Pakistan suggests that there has been little change in Pakistan’s schools since 2010, when the 18th Amendment enshrined education as a fundamental human right in the constitution. <> Today biggest problem in pakistan is that student doesn’t know ... the country and study education system of the foresighted nations, then one can feel the real difference. Some accounts, including official reports, include the post-primary Middle … As a result teachers are not regular and their time at school is not as productive as it would be with a well-trained teacher. Apart from formal education in Pakistan students are thought informally too. Annual Report: Pakistan Education Statistics 2011-12, National Education Management Information System Academy of Educational Planning and Management, Ministry of Education, Trainings & Standards in Higher Education, Government of Pakistan, (Islamabad, AEPAM, 2013). It may not be possible for the government at the moment to implement uniform education system in the country, but a uniform curriculum can be introduced in educational institutes of the country. %PDF-1.5 2 0 obj Moreover, social evils, far off distance, child … Considering the gigantic problems of education in Pakistan, the researcher selected this topic for research Maliha Naveed, Reasons of Low Levels of Education in Pakistan, Pakistan Herald, January 03, 2013 (available at: http://www.pakistanherald.com/articles/reasons-of-low-levels-of-education-in-pakistan-3065). Corruption in education departments is one of the factors for the poor literacy in the country. (iii) Gradually increase vocational and technical education numbers to 25-30% of all secondary enrolment by 2015 and 50 per cent by 2030. This system was weak, poorly managed and classified. Special policy planning units should be established in provinces’ education departments for implementation of educational policies and formulation of new policies whenever needed. The system could not be reformed according to the needs and social genre of the people. Financing (World Bank Study 2010) A common problem faced by many low income countries is low The paradox is that private schools are better but not everywhere and government schools ensure equitable access but do not provide quality education. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 439.32 680.4] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Pakistan is among those developing countries where people are mostly deprived of good quality education. Founded in 1999, IPRI is housed at the National Security Division (NSD), Government of Pakistan. In Pakistan, educational system doesn’t meet the international … Hence the mind-set of sending one’s children to university only for becoming officers and managers needs to be changed. But the down trodden condition of education in Pakistan bears an ample testimony of the fact that it is unable to defend its own sector. The problem arises when non-affluent families send their children to private schools, and universities. One of the major issues of education system is lack of proper planning. 4) Cost of education: The economic cost is higher in private schools, but these are located in richer settlements only. Providing economic incentives to the students may encourage the parents to send their children to school and may help in reducing the dropout ratio. In Pakistan, after more than five decades, the developmental indicators are not showing positive results. This may have to contribute not as much as other factors, but this remains an important factor. Issues and problems in teacher education. Problems: The issues lead to the comprehension of the problems which are faced in the development of education system and promotion of literacy. The goal of this study is to develop awareness about the environment issues and problems, and try to find out their solution by effective planning of environmental education. 6) Funds for Education: Pakistan spends 2.4% GDP on education. The population of a state is one of the main elements of its national power. 2) Social constraints: It is important to realize that the problems which hinder the provision of education are not just due to issues of management by government but some of them are deeply rooted in the social and cultural orientation of the people. Legislation and structure should be framed to plan for the promotion of education in the country. Out of school challenges include shortage of schools, distance – especially for females, insecurity, poverty, cultural norms, parents are reluctant or parents lack awareness. In a broader definition the system also includes the institutions that are directly involved in financing, managing, operating or regulating such institutions (like government ministries and regulatory bodies, central testing organizations, textbook boards and accreditation boards). The federal government is paying attention to the vocational and technical training, but it is important to make the already existing vocational and technical training centres more efficient so that skilled youth could be produced. ... (Arabic) اردو (Urdu) Education is actually a combination of problems in our society.Primary education is not provided because there is lack of facilities and the main reason is overpopulation. (iv) Enhance the scale and quality of education in general and the scale and quality of scientific/technical education in Pakistan in particular. Since majority of Pakistani population resides in rural areas and the access to education is a major problem for them, it seems feasible that a balanced approach for formal and informal education be adopted. This approach is followed by affluent and economically stable people who send their children to private schools and abroad for education. The schools in Baluchistan (The Largest Province Of Pakistan By Area) are not that much groomed as that of Punjab (The Largest Province Of Pakistan By Population). The year 2015 is important in the context that it marks the deadline for the participants of Dakar declaration (Education For All [EFA] commitment) including Pakistan. Regional cooperation mechanism can also be developed to promote literacy in South Asian region. Inside schools there are challenges which include shortage of teachers, teacher absenteeism, missing basic facilities and lack of friendly environment. From 13 to 16 year formally known as university education and categorically as tertiary education level .In tertiary education level students are thought in subjects of personal interests. OŞJE�zs�wr�����v�u1a5ł'���S�I�\I$�"?>���� `R�^9Ѫ4��Z�������$_OZ�(�[��ZR�A�%X2��Hq��ɍ��7�X��S������~�I�]�䟆�v��J�3 _�[��2��rc��ϰaY���O�O���x��I�O��ܟ There are various challenges that include expertise, institutional and capacity issues, forging national cohesion, uniform standards for textbook development, and quality assurance. Similarly, to make the youth of the country an asset, attention should also be paid to vocational and technical training. This first digital system in the education sector in Pakistan allows transparent and effective monitoring of staff, students and school infrastructure. Discussing educational issues in your teaching interview. 2.Regional Disparity. In this regard national education policies are the visions which suggest strategies to increase literacy rate, capacity building, and enhance facilities in the schools and educational institutes. • No any controlling &monitoring for whole education system. ��rvv�������\�e��{���,��C��>��o�r������S~r��/�Y�ܬOn�g%��lʼ8=���^x��G'�y�w�G���8��y* �n��B��~<>�8����۟��.a��ν$e���� �L�4"�X���?N�R;L�y��t�4�]���ѿ����wr���zq���J�8��� Quality and Relevance iv. You may have a question around recent education trends, current issues or new methodologies in education. But secondary educational institutions in practice do not try to materialise those aims. Education is a must for civilization. Contemporary issues such as health, housing, gender disparity, poverty, pressure groups, family, and community values affect education at local, national, and international levels. Besides, the problems of discipline; defective system of examination; problem of wastage and stagnation; lack of community participation; indifferent attitude of the teachers, students and parents; no opportunity for the inculcation of moral and spiritual values in students; problem of reorganization of secondary education; problem of technical teaching personnel; problem of … Sharing success stories, making country-specific modifications and their implementation can generate positive results. During the … But the need for increasing enrolment of students remains high to achieve MDGs target. Pakistan ’ s engagement in War against terrorism also affected the promotion of campaign. Needed for it be reformed according to the provinces for problems and issues in secondary education in pakistan sake of personal development and learning, P.! In achieving its MDGs of education system legislation and structure should be made a part of secondary education 2005... 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