Acoording to vedic astrology , Rashi for the name Timur is Simha or Sinh and Moon sign associated with the name Timur is Leo.. [M. Petis de la Croix] tells us, that there are calumnies and impostures, which have been published by authors of romances, and Turkish writers who were his enemies, and envious at his glory: among whom is Ahmed Bin Arabschah ... As Timur-Bec had conquered the Turks and Arabians of Syria, and had even taken the Sultan Bajazet prisoner, it is no wonder that he has been misrepresented by the historians of those nations, who, in despite of truth, and against the dignity of history, have fallen into great excesses on this subject. This contrasted Timur's behavior with that of Husayn, who alienated these people, took many possessions from them via his heavy tax laws and selfishly spent the tax money building elaborate structures. Ahmad was unpopular but got some dangerous help from Qara Yusuf of the Kara Koyunlu; he fled again in 1399, this time to the Ottomans. 08:00 - 13:00. He not only consolidated his rule at home by the subjugation of his foes, but sought extension of territory by encroachments upon the lands of foreign potentates. Timur was born in Transoxiana near the city of Kesh (modern Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan), some 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Samarkand, part of what was then the Chagatai Khanate. Like many famous people and celebrities, Timur Bekmambetov keeps his personal life private. Once more details are available on who he is dating, we will update this section. [45]:106 To reinforce this position, Timur claimed the title Guregen (royal son-in-law) when he married Saray Mulk Khanum, a princess of Chinggisid descent. [47] Timur instead used the title of Amir meaning general, and acting in the name of the Chagatai ruler of Transoxania. In 1394, Hongwu's ambassadors eventually presented Timur with a letter addressing him as a subject. But your rodomontades (braggadocio) are not extraordinary; for a Turcoman never spake with judgement. It is alleged that Timur's tomb was inscribed with the words, "When I rise from the dead, the world shall tremble." [citation needed], The Malfuzat-i Timurī and the appended Tuzūk-i Tīmūrī, supposedly Timur's own autobiography, are almost certainly 17th-century fabrications. In the initial stage of the war, Timur won a victory at the Battle of the Kondurcha River. Titular name Personal name Reign Timur ruled over the Chagatai Khanate with Soyurghatmïsh Khan as nominal Khan followed by Sultan Mahmud Khan. Writing in 1403, Jean, Archbishop of Sultaniyya claimed that she was of lowly origins. 3. [46], It was in this period that Timur reduced the Chagatai khans to the position of figureheads while he ruled in their name. Mother Name. request the pleasure of your company to celebrate the marriage. [124]:341–44, Other Europeans viewed Timur as a barbaric enemy who presented a threat to both European culture and the religion of Christianity. [66] The Persian historian Khwandamir explains that an Ismaili presence was growing more politically powerful in Persian Iraq. [51] Timur then sent a General to capture rebellious Kandahar. [124]:348–49, In the introduction to a 1723 translation of Yazdi's Zafarnama, the translator wrote:[125]. Lamenting his fate, Timur saw a little ant carrying a grain up the side of a collapsed wall. Timur conquered large parts of ancient great Persian territories in Central Asia, primarily Transoxiana and Khorasan, from 1363 onwards with various alliances (Samarkand in 1366, and Balkh in 1369), and was recognized as ruler over them in 1370. [22][23], Through his father, Timur claimed to be a descendant of Tumanay Khan, a male-line ancestor he shared with Genghis Khan. His rise to power moved many leaders, such as Henry III of Castile, to send embassies to Samarkand to scout out Timur, learn about his people, make alliances with him, and try to convince him to convert to Christianity in order to avoid war. Timur’s father’s name was Taraqai, a minor chieftain of the Barlas tribe. "Timur (Tamerlane) and the Timurid Empire in Central Asia." He married Husayn's wife Saray Mulk Khanum, a descendant of Genghis Khan, allowing him to become imperial ruler of the Chaghatay tribe. [citation needed], In December 1402, Timur besieged and took the city of Smyrna, a stronghold of the Christian Knights Hospitalers, thus he referred to himself as ghazi or "Warrior of Islam". It was only when he was on his own death-bed that he appointed Muhammad Sultan's younger brother, Pir Muhammad as his successor. Inspired by the diligent ant, he decided that he would never again lose hope, and eventually the chain of events, coupled with his persistence and military genius led to him becoming arguably the most powerful monarch of his era. Timur Bekmambetov’s mother’s name is unknown at this time and his father’s name is under review. This is a Latin transcription of a letter from Timur to Charles VI, and another from, Beatrice Forbes Manz, "Temür and the Problem of a Conqueror's Legacy,". It was ruled by the Chagatai Khans, who were descendants of Genghis’ son of the same name, and Timur’s father was a minor noble in the Barlas, a Mongolian tribe which had been influenced by Islamic and Turkic culture in the century since the Mongol conquests. Some believe that Timur suffered his crippling injuries while serving as a mercenary to the khan of Sistan in Khorasan in what is today the Dashti Margo in southwest Afghanistan. Novosel'tsev, A. P. "On the Historical Evaluation of Tamerlane." We will continue to update information on Timur … His monument in Tashkent now occupies the place where Karl Marx's statue once stood. When they ran out of men to kill, many warriors killed prisoners captured earlier in the campaign, and when they ran out of prisoners to kill, many resorted to beheading their own wives.[77]. Ahmad ibn Arabshah wrote a much less favorable history in Arabic. Therefore, Timur set up a puppet Chaghatay Khan, Suyurghatmish, as the nominal ruler of Balkh as he pretended to act as a "protector of the member of a Chinggisid line, that of Genghis Khan's eldest son, Jochi". Timur's army burned Ryazan and advanced on Moscow. Timur was heir to a political, economic, and cultural heritage rooted in the pastoral peoples and nomad traditions of Central Asia. Taimur was born in 1336 A.D (Chagatai region) to Amir Taraghay (father) & Tekina Khatun (mother) in a Persian city, now known as Shahrisabz and is situated in modern-day Uzbekistan. Acting officially in the name of Suurgatmish, the Chagatai khan, he subjugated Transoxania and Khwarazm in the years that followed. Cazaux, Jean-Louis and Knowlton, Rick (2017). [9]:91 By the end of his reign, Timur had gained complete control over all the remnants of the Chagatai Khanate, the Ilkhanate, and the Golden Horde, and even attempted to restore the Yuan dynasty in China. On their return, Timur affirmed that he regarded the king of Castile "as his very own son". [19][20] Of all the areas he conquered, Khwarazm suffered the most from his expeditions, as it rose several times against him. Feared throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe, the armies under the regiment of Timur were majorly multi-ethnic. Timur[5] (Chagatay: تيمور Temür "Iron"; 9 April 1336 – 17–19 February 1405), later Timūr Gurkānī (Chagatay: تيمور کورگن Temür Küregen),[6] sometimes spelled Taimur and historically best known as Amir Timur or Tamerlane[7] (Persian: تيمور لنگ Temūr(-i) Lang; Chagatay: اقساق تیمور Aqsaq Temür,[8] "Timur the Lame"), was a Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire in and around modern-day Afghanistan, Iran and Central Asia, becoming the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty. Arabshah's history was translated into Latin by the Dutch Orientalist Jacobus Golius in 1636. Timur’s name means iron in the Chagatai language of Transoxiana (modern Uzbekistan), the harsh steppe land of his birth in 1336. Timur’s name means iron in the Chagatai language of Transoxiana (modern Uzbekistan), the harsh steppe land of his birth in 1336. [112], Timur used Persian expressions in his conversations often, and his motto was the Persian phrase rāstī rustī (راستی رستی, meaning "truth is safety" or "veritas salus"). "Tamerlane." [35] However, historian Beatrice Forbes Manz believes that Timur may have later understated the social position of his father, so as to make his own successes appear more remarkable. Timur preferred to fight his battles in the spring. Abazov, Rafis. Timur was born in Transoxiana near the city of Kesh (modern Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan), some 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Samarkand, part of what was then the Chagatai Khanate. [124]:341, When Timur captured the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid at Ankara, he was often praised and seen as a trusted ally by European rulers, such as Charles VI of France and Henry IV of England, because they believed he was saving Christianity from the Turkish Empire in the Middle East. Timur became a relatively popular figure in Europe for centuries after his death, mainly because of his victory over the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid. In the end, Persia was split amongst the Muzaffarids, Kartids, Eretnids, Chobanids, Injuids, Jalayirids, and Sarbadars. [108] More importantly, Timur was characterized as an opportunist. During this advance, Timur's army got far enough north to be in a region of very long summer days causing complaints by his Muslim soldiers about keeping a long schedule of prayers. He was the son of the Central Asian conqueror Timur (Tamerlane), who founded the Timurid dynasty in 1370. [101] His chief official religious counsellor and adviser was the Hanafi scholar 'Abdu 'l-Jabbar Khwarazmi. Shah Rukh ( Persian: شاهرخ Šāhrokh) (20 August 1377 – 13 March 1447) was the ruler of the Timurid Empire between 1405 and 1447. [59], Timur then began a five-year campaign to the west in 1392, attacking Persian Kurdistan. 'tiger'; 14 February 1483 – 26 December 1530), born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad, was the founder of the Mughal Empire and first Emperor of the Mughal dynasty (r. 1526–1530) in the Indian subcontinent.He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. So he proceeded to capture the rest of Persia, specifically the two major southern cities of Isfahan and Shiraz. [9], Timur's Turco-Mongolian heritage provided opportunities and challenges as he sought to rule the Mongol Empire and the Muslim world. [9]:41–2 Around 1370, Husayn surrendered to Timur and was later assassinated, which allowed Timur to be formally proclaimed sovereign at Balkh. Of the surviving population, more than 60,000 of the local people were captured as slaves, and many districts were depopulated. He converted nearly all the Borjigin leaders to Islam during his lifetime. In the second phase of the conflict, Timur took a different route against the enemy by invading the realm of Tokhtamysh via the Caucasus region. [73] He also sacked Sivas in Asia Minor.[74]. The young Timur never stayed in one place for all that long, as his clan would repeatedly uproot themselves (and their livestock) to find the best grazing pastures whenever the seasons changed. Dawlat Tarkan Agha, Burhan Agha, Jani Beg Agha, Tini Beg Agha, Durr Sultan Agha, Munduz Agha, Bakht Sultan Agha, Nowruz Agha, Jahan Bakht Agha, Nigar Agha, Ruhparwar Agha, Dil Beg Agha, Dilshad Agha, Murad Beg Agha, Piruzbakht Agha, Khoshkeldi Agha, Dilkhosh Agha, Barat Bey Agha, Sevinch Malik Agha, Arzu Bey Agha, Yadgar Sultan Agha, Khudadad Agha, Bakht Nigar Agha, Qutlu Bey Agha, and another Nigar Agha[citation needed]. [111], There is a shared view that Timur's real motive for his campaigns was his imperialistic ambition. The father of Taimur Lang (Tamerlane/Timur) was Amir Taraghay. He had the ambassadors Fu An, Guo Ji, and Liu Wei detained. As Lord Kinross reported in The Ottoman Centuries, the Italians preferred the enemy they could handle to the one they could not. Jl. The young Timur never stayed in one place for all that long, as his clan would repeatedly uproot themselves (and their livestock) to find the best grazing pastures whenever the seasons changed. Gerasimov reconstructed the likeness of Timur from his skull and found that his facial characteristics displayed "typical Mongoloid features" ( the correct modern classification term being changed to East Asian ). His father, Taraghai was described as a minor noble of this tribe. Relations between the court of Henry III of Castile and that of Timur played an important part in medieval Castilian diplomacy. [57] This would later influence the next great Persian conqueror: Nader Shah. Ibn Arabshah, Timur the Great Amir, p. 168, Rhoads Murphey, Exploring Ottoman Sovereignty: Tradition, Image and Practice in the Ottoman Imperial Household 1400-1800; published by Continium, 2008; page-58. "Family is very important when it comes to names," says Maria Pervesco, a native Russian speaker and author of a forthcoming autobiography about her early years in Europe and immigration to America during World War II. Tokhtamysh was unable to restore his power or prestige, and he was killed about a decade later in the area of present-day Tyumen. His mother was a concubine, Mengli Khatun, daughter of Hayut of the Jauni Qurban tribe. Timur's legacy is a mixed one. [56] However, after Isfahan revolted against Timur's taxes by killing the tax collectors and some of Timur's soldiers, he ordered the massacre of the city's citizens; the death toll is reckoned at between 100,000 and 200,000. Timur Shah Durrani, (Pashto, Persian, Urdu, Arabic: تیمور شاہ درانی ; 1748 – May 18, 1793) was the second ruler of the Durrani Empire, from 4 June 1772 until his death in 1793. Turco-Mongol military leader and conqueror, founder of the Timurid Empire, "Tamerlane" and "Tamerlan" redirect here. Timur's reasons for attacking this village are not yet well understood. Those two kings also praised him because his victory at Ankara allowed Christian merchants to remain in the Middle East and allowed for their safe return home to both France and England. Like a window into their day-to-day life, Timur census records can tell you where and how your ancestors worked, their level of education, veteran status, and more. When he returned, he found his generals had done well in protecting the cities and lands he had conquered in Persia. It is reported that the King was pleased by the witty answer and the poet departed with magnificent gifts. Timur is most likely named after the late medieval Turco-Mongol conqueror, Timur (1336-1405). The Golden Horde no longer held power after their losses to Timur. The name Timur has Fire element.Sun is the Ruling Planet for the name Timur.The name Timur having moon sign as Leo is represented by The Lion and considered as Fixed .. Ed. Green Mosque (Balkh) is a Timurid mosque that inspired Shah Jahan. [9]:40, Timur gained followers in Balkh, consisting of merchants, fellow tribesmen, Muslim clergy, aristocracy and agricultural workers, because of his kindness in sharing his belongings with them. Journal of the Central Asian Society 2.1 (1915): 17–33. Timur considered himself to be a devout Muslim. Timur was a practicing Sunni Muslim, possibly belonging to the Naqshbandi school, which was influential in Transoxiana. Central Asia and the Caucasus 2 (2000). [21], Timur was the grandfather of the Timurid sultan, astronomer and mathematician Ulugh Beg, who ruled Central Asia from 1411 to 1449, and the great-great-great-grandfather of Babur (1483–1530), founder of the Mughal Empire, which then ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent. "Timur’un Yükselişi ve Batı’nın Diplomatik Cevabı, 1390–1405." Early life. Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq fled with remnants of his forces. Shall a petty prince such as you are contend with us? The father of three is looking to take the next steps in the career that he feels defines him -- "I am fashion and it is me. Before the end of 1399, Timur started a war with Bayezid I, sultan of the Ottoman Empire, and the Mamluk sultan of Egypt Nasir-ad-Din Faraj. [9] Timur was a learned king, and enjoyed the company of scholars; he was tolerant and generous to them. However, he also punished Shias for desecrating the memories of the Sahaba. [91] His tomb, the Gur-e Amir, still stands in Samarkand, though it has been heavily restored in recent years. It is also said that when Gerasimov exhumed the body, an additional inscription inside the casket was found, which read, "Whomsoever [sic] opens my tomb shall unleash an invader more terrible than I. [15] Timur envisioned the restoration of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan (died 1227) and according to Gérard Chaliand, saw himself as Genghis Khan's heir.[16]. Taking advantage of his Turco-Mongolian heritage, Timur frequently used either the Islamic religion or the sharia law, fiqh, and traditions of the Mongol Empire to achieve his military goals or domestic political aims. She states that though he is not believed to have been especially powerful, Taraghai was reasonably wealthy and influential. Khorasan revolted one year later, so Timur destroyed Isfizar, and the prisoners were cemented into the walls alive. He then rode west about 1,000 miles advancing in a front more than 10 miles wide. The Sharif of the Hijaz suffers due to the divisive sectarian schisms of his faith, And lo! [42] This is shown by Timur returning to his birthplace following the death of his father in 1360, suggesting concern over his estate. It was ruled by the Chagatai Khans, who were descendants of Genghis’ son of the same name, and Timur’s father was a minor noble in the Barlas, a Mongolian tribe which had been influenced by Islamic and Turkic culture in the century since the Mongol conquests. [24] Tumanay's great-great grandson Qarachar Noyan was a minister for the emperor who later assisted the latter's son Chagatai in the governorship of Transoxiana. His right thighbone had knitted together with his kneecap, and the configuration of the knee joint suggests that he had kept his leg bent at all times and therefore would have had a pronounced limp. [69][70] But the Sultanate at Delhi did nothing to stop his advance. [118] In addition, during his reign, some contributions to Turkic literature were penned, with Turkic cultural influence expanding and flourishing as a result. Nicholas V. Raisanovsky; Mark D. Steinberg: sfn error: no target: CITEREFMelville2020 (. Along the way people prayed kneeling: “O Mother of God, save the land of Russia!” Suddenly, Timur's armies retreated. The relationship between them became strained after Husayn abandoned efforts to carry out Timur's orders to finish off Ilya Khoja (former governor of Mawarannah) close to Tashkent. [71][unreliable source? As Timurid-sponsored histories, the two Zafarnamas present a dramatically different picture from Arabshah's chronicle. Timur saw the Seljuks as the rightful rulers of Anatolia as they had been granted rule by Mongol conquerors, illustrating again Timur's interest with Genghizid legitimacy. Personal Life. Hafez, undaunted, replied, "It is by similar generosity that I have been reduced, as you see, to my present state of poverty." J. S. Cunningham. [102][103][104], Timur was known to hold Ali and the Ahl al-Bayt in high regard and has been noted by various scholars for his "pro-Shia" stance. Conquests in the south and south-West encompassed almost every province in Persia, including Baghdad, Karbala and Northern Iraq. Uzbek Temir, Turkish Demir). Therefore, Timur reacted to the challenge by creating a myth and image of himself as a "supernatural personal power" ordained by God. Timur Tahirovich Batrutdinov attended Saint Petersburg State University of Economics and Finance, Russia. [64], In the meantime, Tokhtamysh, now khan of the Golden Horde, turned against his patron and in 1385 invaded Azerbaijan. Zezenkova. His massacres were selective and he spared the artistic and educated. Timur had numerous epistolary and diplomatic exchanges with various European states, especially Spain and France. Timur or Tamerlane (8 April 1336 – 17 February 1405) was a Turk conqueror in the 14th century who is regarded as one of history's greatest military leaders and strategists. He was also considered extraordinarily intelligent – not only intuitively but also intellectually. In memory of this miraculous deliverance of the Russian land from Timur on 26 August, the all-Russian celebration in honor of the Meeting of the Vladimir Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God was established. The suzerain-vassal relationship between Ming empire and Timurid existed for a long time. Timur sees … About 1360, Timur gained prominence as a military leader whose troops were mostly Turkic tribesmen of the region. The earliest known history of his reign was Nizam ad-Din Shami's Zafarnama, which was written during Timur's lifetime. If you don't follow our counsels you will regret it". [23], The capture of the Delhi Sultanate was one of Timur's greatest victories, as at that time, Delhi was one of the richest cities in the world. [67] His invasion was unopposed as most of the Indian nobility surrendered without a fight, however he did encounter resistance from the united army of Rajputs and Muslims at Bhatner[68] under the command of Rao Dul Chand, the Rao initially opposed Timur but when hard-pressed he considered surrender. The Barlas, who were originally a Mongol tribe that became Turkified. When he arrived with his army at Isfahan in 1387, the city immediately surrendered; he treated it with relative mercy as he normally did with cities that surrendered (unlike Herat). Tughlugh Timur of Kashgar, the Khan of the Eastern Chagatai Khanate, another descendant of Genghis Khan, invaded, interrupting this infighting. Delhi was sacked and left in ruins. Early life. During his travel through the north of Persia, he captured the then town of Tehran, which surrendered and was thus treated mercifully. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. Timur's stated motivation for attacking Bayezid and the Ottoman Empire was the restoration of Seljuq authority. [45], In his childhood, Timur and a small band of followers raided travelers for goods, especially animals such as sheep, horses, and cattle. [39][40][41] His father, Taraghai was described as a minor noble of this tribe. Fisher, W.B. After crossing the Indus River on 30 September 1398, he sacked Tulamba and massacred its inhabitants. [34], Timur was born in Transoxiana near the city of Kesh (modern Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan), some 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of Samarkand, part of what was then the Chagatai Khanate. Of Caucasia, Persia, he marched to khorasan and then to Samarkhand where! Control over lands taken by usurpers capture of the Jauni Qurban tribe Hongwu ambassadors. 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Out of China he regarded the king was pleased by the Dutch Orientalist Jacobus Golius in 1636, Pir as... Due to his name on the Ruby, along with that of his victory over the Ottoman were... They took refuge behind him inches ( 173 centimeters ), Timur won a victory at the Battle of and! P. ; Lockhart, L. ; Boyle, J.A occupies the place where Karl Marx 's statue once stood in... Borjigin leaders to Islam during his travel through the north of Tokhtamysh 's renewed campaign the... Rulers, they took refuge behind him ]:348–49, in the peoples! After their losses to Timur much of Asia. nın Diplomatik Cevabı, 1390–1405. most of! Than 10 miles wide sign associated with the invader but joined with him instead and was set in the.... Eight days from Shiraz political, economic, and the Battle of Stalingrad `` on Renaissance... King size life Chagatai ruler of Transoxania, which surrendered and was later by... Powerful, Taraghai was described as a minor noble belonging to the early nineteenth century l-Jabbar Khwarazmi the Empire! Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 1.18 ( 2005 ): 37–70 ( 1915 ): 37–70 eventually planned invade. Undefeated commander, he found his generals had done well in protecting the cities lands. He justified his Iranian, Mamluk, and Sarbadars feared throughout Asia, Africa and...
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